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The united kingdom · 1 Samuel 31

The Death of Saul and Jonathan

On Mount Gilboa, the Philistines defeat Israel and kill Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchi-shua, Saul’s sons. Badly wounded by the archers, Saul says to his armor-bearer, “Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me.” The young man, terrified, refuses. Saul then falls on his own sword, and his armor-bearer, seeing him dead, falls on his own as well. The next day, the Philistines cut off Saul’s head, put his armor in the house of Ashtaroth, and fasten his body to the wall of Beth-shan. But the valiant men of Jabesh-gilead, whom Saul had once rescued, march all night, take the bodies, burn them at Jabesh, bury the bones under the tamarisk tree, and fast seven days.

What happens

  1. Israel flees on Mount Gilboa; Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchi-shua are killed 1 Samuel 31:1–2
  2. Wounded by the archers, Saul falls on his sword 1 Samuel 31:3–4
  3. His armor-bearer dies with him; Saul and his three sons perish the same day 1 Samuel 31:5–6
  4. The Philistines cut off Saul’s head and fasten his body to the wall of Beth-shan 1 Samuel 31:8–10
  5. The valiant men of Jabesh-gilead take the bodies and bury them 1 Samuel 31:11–13

Who is in this story

The lesson

Saul’s end shows where a life without obedience leads: “Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LORD” (1 Chr 10:13). Jabesh, rescued by Saul long before (1 Sam 11), does not forget him: gratitude is proved by actions.

So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer, and all his men, that same day together.
1 Samuel 31:6

Quick quiz on this story

How many of Saul’s sons are killed with him at Gilboa?

What does Saul’s armor-bearer do when he sees his master dead?

Who takes the bodies of Saul and his sons down from the wall of Beth-shan by night?

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