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The patriarchs · Genesis 32–33

Jacob Wrestles with God

After twenty years with Laban, Jacob heads back to Canaan with his wives, his children, and his flocks. He is told that Esau is coming to meet him with four hundred men. Gripped with dread, he divides his camp in two and prays: “I am not worthy of the least of all the mercies… Deliver me,” then sends rich gifts ahead of him to appease his brother. That night, he sends his family across the ford of the Jabbok and stays behind alone. Then a man wrestles with him until daybreak. Unable to overpower him, the man puts Jacob’s hip out of joint. But Jacob holds on: “I will not let you go unless you bless me.” His name becomes Israel, “for you have striven with God and with men, and have prevailed.” Jacob names the place Peniel: “I have seen God face to face.” As the sun rises, he limps. Then Esau arrives, runs to him, throws his arms around his neck, and the two brothers weep.

What happens

  1. Dreading Esau’s arrival, Jacob prays Genesis 32:9–11
  2. Alone at the ford of the Jabbok, Jacob wrestles until daybreak Genesis 32:24–25
  3. “I will not let you go unless you bless me” Genesis 32:26
  4. Jacob receives the name Israel Genesis 32:27–28
  5. Peniel: “I have seen God face to face” Genesis 32:30–31
  6. Esau throws his arms around Jacob’s neck; they weep Genesis 33:4

Who is in this story

The lesson

God breaks our self-reliance to teach us to depend on him: Jacob comes out of the fight limping, but blessed and transformed. “He wept, and made supplication unto him” (Hos 12:4): persistent prayer obtains the blessing, and God can reconcile brothers who were enemies.

And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.
Genesis 32:28

Quick quiz on this story

What new name does Jacob receive at the end of his wrestling match?

What does Esau do when he meets Jacob again?

Where does Jacob stay alone the night he wrestles with the man?

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